Category: Covid-19

Early results of a new study from University of Oxford researchers show that dexamethasone improved survival in some patients with COVID-19. Simon Dawson/Bloomberg via Getty Images hide caption

Early results of a new study from University of Oxford researchers show that dexamethasone improved survival in some patients with COVID-19.

Earlier this week, researchers in the United Kingdom announced preliminary results from a clinical trial that showed a low-cost steroid called dexamethasone appeared to lower the risk of death in patients with COVID-19.

The researchers said the anti-inflammatory drug reduced the number of deaths in COVID-19 patients on ventilators or oxygen alone by one-third.

But details of the study did not accompany the announcement. And the announcement followed several prominent revisions in the advice that researchers have given around the coronavirus in recent weeks.

Which is why Dr. Kirsten Lyke, an infectious disease specialist at the University of Maryland School of Medicine, warns that a premature endorsement for the treatment can carry risks.

Lyke, who is running a coronavirus vaccine trial, said that, particularly when dealing with a new kind of virus, we "need to be extremely cautious" when rolling out treatments that have not gone through a rigorous vetting process.

"This is a press release, so they're going to basically give us sort of the bottom line," Lyke said about the dexamethasone announcement in an interview with NPR's Weekend Edition. "But there's a lot to unravel."

Dexamethasone has been successful at treating inflammatory conditions like arthritis and asthma. The research team behind the trial wanted to figure out whether the drug could also alleviate lung inflammation in COVID-19 patients.

"Many of us would like to see the peer review paper to understand how these people were randomized, who was not randomized. That's important to know," Lyke said.

But, in a world not pressured by a pandemic, a legit vetting process like that can take years, said Lyke. And she worries that a hasty embrace of the drug could do more harm than good.

"People really want to get results out quickly," she said. "But at the same time, if things are released too early or there's harm that occurs from the intervention, that really erodes public trust."

Lyke said researchers need to be mindful to avoid a scenario where, as was the case with the drug hydroxychloroquine, a treatment is championed before it has a chance to stand up to strict scientific scrutiny.

That wasn't the first instance of confusion over messaging related to the science around the coronavirus. For example, public health officials' guidance on whether the public should wear masks initially fluctuated until the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention officially recommended face coverings in April.

Lyke acknowledged the early mixed messaging was "frustrating" for researchers and the public alike, but reminded that one line of messaging around face coverings has been consistent.

"Typically, we say that using a mask doesn't necessarily protect you. It protects other people," she said. "It's really useless if you're the only one wearing it in a crowd. It has to be the entire crowd."

In order for such evidence-based health measures to work in the fight against the coronavirus, she said, everyone has to participate.

"There's a lot of individualism in the United States, but the pandemic and the virus don't really respect the individualism," said Lyke. "I think we need to really be stepping up as a group and protecting each other."

NPR's Elena Schwartz and Ed McNulty produced and edited this interview for broadcast. Emma Bowman produced the story for Web.

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Doctor Warns Of Risks In Rush To Embrace A COVID-19 Treatment - NPR

Dennis Yun, right, recently hosted a Memorial Day barbecue where guests had their temperatures taken and took Covid-19 antibody tests before they were allowed in.

Courtesy of NxtStop

As more locations around the U.S. re-open, people are starting plan social events again.

But for some, these gatherings include new precautions to reduce the risk of spreading Covid-19.

In Los Angeles, Jay Prasad and his roommate Dennis Yun, who is a physician, recently hosted a Memorial Day barbecue. Before guests could enter, Yun administered a Covid-19 antibody finger-prick test, then made them wait ten minutes for the results. Antibody tests typically register positive if a person has been exposed to the disease, even if they didn't show symptoms.

Prasad and Yunalso used an infrared forehead thermometer to check if any guests had a fever, a common symptom of Covid-19. Although no guests tested positive for antibodies or showed signs of a fever, Prasad said he and his roommates were prepared to turn people away if they had.

"That's just the smart thing to do, and I don't think we know anybody who would've objected to it," Prasad said.

Additionally, Prasad handed out face masks from NxtStop, a direct-to-consumer clothing brand that he invested in. Although the barbecue was a mostly outdoor event, guests were asked to wear the masks while inside.

"We got some sense of return to normalcy," Prasad said. "At least this was a path toward how that might happen."

Jay Prasad recently hosted a Memorial Day barbecue where guests had their temperatures taken and took Covid-19 antibody tests before they were allowed in.

Courtesy of NxtStop

From requiring Covid-19 tests to wearing masks indoors, people are creating new standards of social etiquette suited for the "new normal" of life amid the coronavirus.

To minimize the spread of the disease, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends staying six feet apart, wearing face coverings, and keeping tissues and hand sanitizers handy whenever people venture outside. The CDC also notes that indoor spaces are riskier than being outdoors, and that spending more time with people who may be infected increases the risk of transmission.

Ivan Malina is asking his friends to take Covid-19 tests before their planned trip for Fourth of July.

Courtesy of Ivan Malina

For the Fourth of July, Ivan Malina of Brooklyn is planning a trip with friends to Lake George, New York. The group of 10 is renting a large home where they can keep their distance from one another, and they have all agreed to use masks while inside. Additionally, the group is planning to use disposable plates and utensils throughout the gathering.

Most importantly, everyone has to take a Covid-19 test prior to the trip, Malina said.

"We're going into another community. It would be really bad if we went up there and someone had it and spread it," Malina said. "A lot of stuff with Covid is less about protecting yourself and protecting others."

Malina is asking his friends to take the test within a week before the trip, then refrain from any risky activities where they could become infected before the gathering. If anyone tests positive, Malina said, the group will refund that friend for their portion of the vacation rental.

"This is unprecedented," Malina said. "Paying a little bit more because your friend got sick, I don't think that's going to bother anyone."

Sara Broyles, center of bottom row, and her friends decided they will all take Covid-19 tests before her upcoming housewarming.

Courtesy of Sara Broyles

In San Francisco, Sara Broyles moved into a new apartment just before the city enacted its shelter-in-place order in March. The lockdown scuttled her plans for a housewarming party.

Recently, she decided to try again. She reached out to her close friends to ask how they would feel about that type of hangout, and collectively, the group decided that they would love to get together -- as long as everyone took a Covid-19 test before the event.

"I do want to make sure that everyone does feel comfortable being in close quarters together," Broyles said. "If we do this the right way, I feel like it will be OK to do."

For Broyles, who had never lived alone before, hosting friends at her place for the first time will be a milestone.

"We've all spoken on the phone and FaceTimed and Zoomed a bunch, and that's all great," she said. "But of course, we miss spending time together."

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People are starting to ask their friends to take Covid-19 tests before hanging out - CNBC

The Xinfadi Agricultural Wholesale Market in Beijing in February. The market was shuttered on 13 June after it became the center of a new COVID-19 outbreak.

By Dennis NormileJun. 17, 2020 , 4:55 PM

Sciences COVID-19 reporting is supported by the Pulitzer Center.

Beijings confirmation of a COVID-19 case on 11 June ended a run of 55 days without reported local transmission. Since then, the outbreak has burgeoned and the city has responded with fierce determination to rein it in. As of today, it has tested 356,000 people, confirming 137 cases, according to a news report by Xinhua, the state-owned news agency. The city has locked down some residential compounds, closed all schools, and canceled hundreds of flights.

Virtually all of the infections have been linked to a massive wholesale food market that has been temporarily shuttered. The link to the market has triggered comparisons to the seafood market in Wuhan that played a role at the early stages of the pandemic, and speculation that the virus arrived in fish imported from Europe. But the real source of the outbreak is still a mystery.

Beijing reported its last case of local COVID-19 transmission in mid-April. The current outbreak began when a man with no history of recent travel visited a doctor on 10 June with a fever and chills. He tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, and was hospitalized the following day. Officials think he or a close contact was infected at the Xinfadi Agricultural Wholesale Market, a massive 112-hectare complex housing 2000 stalls selling produce, seafood, and meat with 10,000 customers and workers visiting daily, according to Xinhua. This led to the massive effort to test market workers, customers, and even residents of nearby neighborhoods.

Authorities have reported that a number of surfaces in the market tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, including a cutting board in a booth handling imported salmona finding that has drawn lots of attention in the local media. There is no evidence coronaviruses infect fish, but one hypothesis is that infected workers in Europe contaminated the fish or its packaging during processing. Genomic sequencing shows the viral variant behind the new outbreak is related to strains China has found in people returning from Europe, according to a China Daily report that quotes Yang Peng, an official with the Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control. In addition to seafood, Yang suggested imported meat as a possible source. But he acknowledged that a market employee or visitor may have picked up the virus elsewhere and simply spread it to other people at the market. Where exactly the virus came from is still uncertain,Yang said.

Dirk Pfeiffer, a veterinary epidemiologist at the City University of Hong Kong, doubts the virus arrived at the market in fish: I think it is much more likely, and therefore plausible, that it was brought to the market by infected humans.If the contaminated seafood hypothesis is true, other places handling European salmon should have seen outbreaks, adds epidemiologist Keiji Fukuda of the University of Hong Kong. The genomic sequence, which has not been made public yet, could offer more clues, he says.

Six months ago, many of the earliest COVID-19 cases were linked to another market, the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan, China. Such markets host dozens to hundreds of independent operators offering a range of meat, seafood, and produce, and sometimes live wild game. Many scientists believe SARS-CoV-2 likely originated in bats and may have passed through an intermediate host before jumping to humansperhaps at the Wuhan market.

But Pfeiffer says the meat and live animals sold at the markets may not be the only reason viruses spread there. The sheer volume of people passing through and working in the markets and the suboptimal hygienic conditions inherently represent an increased risk for amplification of virus.The humid, chilled air at markets may provide an environment in which viruses thrive.

The virus return to Beijing is another cautionary tale to not take anything about COVID for granted,Fukuda says. With the vast majority of the world population susceptible to infection and the virus still circulating, it is possible for any country, including [those] that have made major efforts to reduce transmission, to experience an outbreakhe says.

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Source of Beijing's big new COVID-19 outbreak is still a mystery - Science Magazine

The U.S. is now confronting what public health experts have been warning about but many in the public had not absorbed: the coronavirus pandemic will be with us for many months, and lapses in vigilance will lead to more sickness and death.

The country as a whole is tacking on about 20,000 new Covid-19 cases to its 2.1 million infection tally each day, a clip thats been steady for weeks, according to STATs Covid-19 Tracker. But cases are surging in about half of states, some of which dodged major outbreaks in the spring as the Northeast and other pockets like New Orleans became inundated. The local outbreaks are leading to increasing hospitalizations in Arizona, Texas, Alabama, and the Carolinas raising concerns about capacity when the original rallying cry of flatten the curve was meant to prevent overwhelming health care systems.

Experts had envisioned localized ups and downs as the U.S. epidemic dragged on. But the new bursts of cases have not galvanized a commitment to rein in the spread and steer those rises into downturns. Instead, there is fading attention in Washington, and many Americans seem inured by the steady stream of 800 daily Covid-19 deaths and desperate to return to work and daily life.

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Im worried that people have kind of accepted where we are as a new normal, said Tom Inglesby, director of the Center for Health Security at Johns Hopkins School of Public Health.

Much of this was forecast. As states started easing back shelter-in-place restrictions last month, public health experts warned cases would increase. Thats simply the nature of the coronavirus: more people encountering more people provides more chances for the virus to pass from one to another. Plus, unlike in some countries, the U.S. lockdowns were eased at a time when there was still lots of virus circulating, so it was primed to resurge.

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We should expect to see that the virus will go wherever there are susceptible people, said Yonatan Grad, an infectious disease expert at Harvards Chan School of Public Health.

But if initial lockdowns were meant to cut off as much transmission as possible and reduce it to manageable levels, they were also supposed to buy health authorities time to design strategies for the long haul, to come up with plans to keep a brake on spread so people could emerge back into life without an explosion of cases. Hospitals were meant to gear up for future spikes of seriously and critically ill patients. Health agencies had to build testing and contact tracing networks, which could keep spread at a simmer and prevent dangerous flare-ups. Authorities had to communicate to the public that some measures including masks, distancing, and avoiding crowds had to be maintained for the duration.

Now, were seeing the fruits of those efforts and the lack thereof.

The U.S. has not hired enough contact tracers to satisfy expert estimates of whats needed. Mask wearing has become a political flashpoint, with many people simply refusing or not seeing the purpose. The shortcomings are not limited to states that have so far skirted the worst of the coronavirus; this week, New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo chastised local governments to do your job and enforce distancing policies after crowds gathered outside New York City bars.

In Arizona, local health departments raced during the states stay-at-home period to build up contact tracing fleets and prepare for more cases, said Kacey Ernst, an infectious disease epidemiologist at the University of Arizona. But they didnt have sufficient time to build the capacities that would prove to be necessary once the state reopened.

People were using that time, absolutely, she said. It wasnt long enough.

Now, the state is regularly reporting more than 1,000 new cases a day, compared to a few hundred in May. Hospitalizations are up. There isnt enough contact tracing in place to try to get a hold of the outbreak, Ernst said.

As cases are going up, youre just getting further and further behind the curve, she said. If you dont have all of the things in place, the contact tracing folks trained and operating seamlessly, the more cases will ramp up. And you just keep trying to catch up.

There are not clear answers as to why some states are seeing more intense outbreaks than others. Georgia and Colorado were two early states to ease back stay-at-home policies, but havent seen the rate of increases that others have. Southern California, where restrictions were in place longer, has seen worrying jumps. Density both at a community level and within households can influence spread. Some states are more vulnerable to a spike in hospitalizations if their populations have worse underlying health, meaning people who contract the coronavirus are more likely to develop severe disease.

Based on their connections to other hubs of spread, some communities will be later to experience cases than others. Social distancing strategies could have delayed or minimized the course of the outbreak in certain places, as could individual actions by people, including mask wearing, hand washing, and maintaining distance from others beyond what was mandated by local policies. As Harvard epidemiologist Caroline Buckee said, there are inherent differences in how people are responding to the coronavirus in terms of their fear and lack of fear of mixing in public.

Some communities have also dodged bullets; two Missouri hairstylists who had Covid-19 managed not to infect any of their 140 customers, perhaps because they were wearing masks and taking other precautions.

One explanation for the case increases is expanded testing a point President Trump and Vice President Mike Pence have tried to argue. As STATs Covid-19 tracker shows, with wider testing, states are getting a more accurate read of the true number of cases, compared to earlier in the U.S. epidemic when many more were being missed. (Even now, experts estimate that for every case detected, another seven or so exist.)

Many of the new cases are also being driven by outbreaks in congregate settings places including jails and prisons, nursing homes, and meatpacking plants. Those clusters are dangerous for those who work and live and are incarcerated there. But their relative isolation makes them easier to contain than transmission in the community.

But increased testing and those confined outbreaks do not account for the full rise in cases that many U.S. states are reporting. By other metrics, there are signs of growing community spread. In addition to more hospitalized patients and ICU beds filled, the rate of tests coming back positive is higher than 10% in Arizona, South Carolina, and Alabama, and rising elsewhere, according to Covid Exit Strategy. That indicates there is an increasing amount of spread that authorities are not capturing.

Governors have sought to project that caseloads remain manageable and that their states need to keep progressing toward full reopenings. Health systems and officials in states including Arizona and Texas also say they have built enough surge ICU capacity to handle the patients they are seeing. (The concern is that when hospitals get overwhelmed, not only does care for Covid-19 suffer, but other patients are harmed as well.)

But there are signals that more patients could be coming their way.

Hospitalizations now, for example, reflect spread that occurred two weeks ago, since people typically dont start feeling sick until about five days after they contract the virus, and it takes another week for symptoms to get bad enough to require a trip to the emergency department. In that interim, the spread could have snowballed, especially as all states have now lifted lockdown restrictions to some extent.

Soon, we may see spread related to the nationwide protests against racism and police brutality. Trump is also planning a return to campaigning, beginning with a rally scheduled for Saturday in Tulsa. That city saw a record number of new cases on Monday.

Whether and how widely the virus spreads at any of the protests, vigils, or rallies depends on a range of factors: How many infectious attendees were there? Were they distanced and wearing masks? Were they chanting close to other people? Did police fire tear gas and induce coughing? Did law enforcement mass people together in jails?

And whether those mass gatherings incite just spurts of spread or form bigger clusters depends on what people who contracted the virus at the events do. Do they live with five roommates or in a multigenerational home? Where do they work?

The initial effects after a protest might be two weeks later, but thats just the beginning, Inglesby said. What we worry about in this epidemic is the compounding next generation, next generation of cases.

That leaves the bigger question: what can be done to halt major surges in cases, particularly as they threaten health care systems? Because of new infections, Utah and Oregon pushed off the dates when they entered into the next step of their gradual reopenings; some cities and counties have urged businesses to limit capacities beyond what they were required to do by states. This week, New Yorks Cuomo raised the specter of imposing new restrictions on parts of the state if the numbers start to go up. But widespread lockdowns like those instituted in March and their accompanying damage to social, educational, economic, and health wellbeing do not seem palatable.

Its still not entirely clear to me whether theres the political and social will that could sustain another round of community lockdown, Grad said. So if not, what are we going to do? And as communities start to open up and go through phase 1, 2, 3 of reopening, what are going to be the triggers for introducing restrictions again, and which restrictions?

As a way to gauge if new restrictions are needed, some experts have called on health departments to report the number of unlinked infections those for which they cant determine where the infection came from. More unlinked infections signifies more uncontrolled spread and could require distancing measures to stem.

Experts are also trying to parse which components of lockdowns were necessary to drive down transmission, and which can be avoided. Theyre hoping a more nimble, targeted approach can allow officials to gain a hold over outbreaks without collapsing the economic and social fabric again. It could be more localized stay-at-home measures, or culling certain activities, or strategies that protect those most vulnerable to the effects of Covid-19, including older people.

There is a spectrum of interventions between no social distancing and normal behavior, and complete lockdown, Buckee said. Were going to have to be quite flexible about making decisions along that spectrum.

Already, bars and restaurants in Texas and Florida where cases have been found since reopening have had to briefly shut down. But those retrospective actions still leave communities on defensive footing. To live with the virus and keep cases at manageable levels requires an attack mentality: Widespread testing, quickly identifying and isolating people who are infected, tracing and quarantining as many of their contacts as possible. Those are the general strategies that other countries have used to drive down their curves.

As more people return to work, it will also be incumbent on employers to protect their staff. One of the reasons that the U.S. epidemic has disproportionately affected Black and Latinx populations is because they fill so many essential jobs.

The primary way the Latinx community is becoming infected is through going to work, said Rosa Gonzalez-Guarda, an associate professor at Dukes School of Nursing.

If employers arent implementing distancing rules in workplaces, providing protective gear when necessary, or allowing people to stay home when sick, Gonzalez-Guarda said, it will be very hard to contain the disease.

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Rising Covid-19 cases, hospitalizations underscore the long road ahead - STAT

CORPUS CHRISTI, Texas This week has been one filled with many cases across the state of Texas and the Coastal Bend. Our Ashley Gonzalez joins us live to tell us more about the rise in cases here in the Nueces County.

Brian, just hours ago the Nueces County reported 49 new cases of COVID-19. This will be the highest week in cases this county has seen since the start of the pandemic," said 3News Reporter, Ashley Gonzalez.

With 200 cases and three deaths just this week alone, in the latest City Council COVID-19 update, Public Health Director, Annette Rodriguez, reminded the community until theres a vaccine we cannot drop the ball.

I want to reiterate the virus is real. It poses a huge risk to our community, but please practice good health strategies so that the virus can be controlled until we have a vaccine or antiviral viral medication to help mitigate the spread of this virus, stated Annette Rodriguez.

Rodriguez says the more people to get tested for COVID-19, the easier it is for the health department to navigate the spread and get ahead of it.

Being tested does not keep you from getting the virus, but it allows public health officials to contact trace every index person, so we can slow down the spread, added Rodriguez.

If you are experiencing COVID like symptoms, you can call the City-County Health Center hotline at 361-826-7200. You will be screened over the phone and then prompted on what to do next.

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Highest week in COVID-19 cases in area - KIIITV.com

Recent developments:

Hundreds of people flooded Ottawa's downtown Saturday to march in remembrance of Abdirahman Abdi, who died after a violent altercation with Ottawa police in 2016.

The group protested outside police headquarters. The march also comes amid calls for the police association president to resignafter he wascaptured on an audio recording using a sexist slur to describe a member of the city's Black community.

Emergency cooling centres are available this weekend at five community centres in Ottawa: Ron Kolbus Lakeside Centre, Hunt Club Riverside Park Community Centre, Hintonburg Community Centre, Sandy Hill Community Centre and St-Laurent Complex.

Splash pads are also open; however, beaches do not officially open until June 27.

Indoor and outdoor pools, along with wading pools, are still closed but set to open next month.

Like many events, theSummer SolsticeIndigenous Festival has had to move online. The three-day festival happens every year duringNational Indigenous History Monthand bookends thelongest day of the year.

Farmers markets are open and no longer require people to register in advance.

Starting Monday, Quebecers will be able to gather indoors in groups of up to 50 people and will only have to stay up to 1.5 metres apart.

There have been 2,054 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Ottawa and 260 deaths.

There are3,275 known cases across eastern Ontario and western Quebec.

More than 2,750 people in the region have recovered from COVID-19.

COVID-19 has killed 102 people outside Ottawa: 52 in Leeds, Grenville and Lanark counties, 17 in other parts of eastern Ontario and 33 in the Outaouais.

Eastern Ontario is in "Stage 2" of the province's recovery plan, allowing "circles" of up to 10 people who don't have to distance as long as they limit close contact to that group.

Quebec also has different restrictions for different regions. Thursday evening it announced new rules for its long-term care homes that don't have a COVID-19 outbreak.

It plans to allow indoor, distanced gatherings of up to 50 people next week, including in places of worship, along with changes to daycare rules.

Kingston starts closing parts of some downtown streets next week to offer more space for businesses and pedestrians.

Ontario Parks says it's ready to begin opening some campsites and services starting next week.

Quebec's back-to-school plans bring older students to classrooms again. Post-secondary schools are moving toward more online classes in September.

The coronavirus primarily spreads through droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. People don't need to have symptoms to be contagious.

That means physical distancing measures such as working from home and in Ontario, staying at least two metres away from anyone they don't live with or have in their circle.

Children in Quebec can now be one metre apart at school and day camps. Starting Monday, all Quebecers can be within 1.5 metres of each other while seated at indoor venues such as theatres.

Ottawa Public Health now wants people to think about how to safely do certain things and recommends people wear a fabric or non-medical mask when they can't always stay two metres from strangers, such as at a grocery store.

Anyone who has symptoms or travelled recently outside Canada must self-isolate for at least 14 days.

Specifically in Ottawa, anyone waiting for a COVID-19 test result must self-isolate at least until they know the result.

The same goes for anyone in Ontario who's been in contact with someone who's tested positive or is presumed to have COVID-19.

People 70 and older or with compromised immune systems or underlying health conditions should also self-isolate.

COVID-19 can range from a cold-like illness to a severe lung infection, with common symptoms including fever, a dry cough, vomiting and the loss of taste or smell.

Less common symptoms include chills, headaches and pink eye. The Ontario government says in rare cases, children can develop a rash.

If you have severe symptoms, call 911.

Ontario hopes to test a federal contact tracing app next month that would let users know if they've been close to a confirmed case.

In eastern Ontario:

In Ottawa any resident who feels they need a test, even if they are not showing symptoms, can now be tested at one of three sites.

Inuit in Ottawa can call the Akausivik Inuit Family Health Team at 613-740-0999 for service, including testing, in Inuktitut or English on weekdays.

Testing has also expanded for local residents and employees who work in the Eastern Ontario Health Unit area.

There is a drive-thru test centre in Casselman and assessment centres in Hawkesbury and Winchester that don't require people to call ahead.

Others in Rockland and Cornwall require an appointment.

In Kingston, the assessment centre at the Kingston Memorial Centre is open seven days a week for walk-ins. Napanee's test centre is open daily for people who call for an appointment.

WATCH: 100 days of Canadian quarantine

The Leeds, Grenville and Lanark unit asks you to get tested if you have a symptom or concerns about exposure.

It has a walk-in site in Brockville open seven days a week at the Memorial Centre and testing sites in Smiths Falls and Almonte which require an appointment.

The public health unit in the Belleville area is asking people to call it, their family doctor or Telehealth if they have symptoms or questions.

You can arrange a test in Bancroft, Belleville or Trenton by calling the centre, or in Picton by texting or calling 613-813-6864.

There are weekly pop-up clinics in other communities and you may also qualify for a home test.

Renfrew County is also providing pop-up and home testing under some circumstances. Residents without access to a family doctor can call 1-844-727-6404 if they have health questions, COVID-19-related or not.

If you're concerned about the coronavirus, take the self-assessment.

In western Quebec:

Outaouais residents should call 1-877 644-4545 if they have symptoms for further assistance.

First Nations:

Local communities have declared states of emergency, put in a curfew or both.

Akwesasne has opened a mobile COVID-19 test site available by appointment only. Anyone returning to Akwesasne who's been farther than 80 kilometres away is asked to self-isolate for 14 days.

Anyone in Tyendinaga who's interested in a test can call 613-967-3603 to talk to a nurse.

Pikwakanagan's council let businesses reopen May 29 and is not running checkpoints at entrances during the day.

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What you need to know about COVID-19 in Ottawa on Sunday, June 21 - CBC.ca

Black people, Hispanics and those with underlying conditions -- especially men and elderly people -- faced higher risks from Covid-19, the data show.

Below are a few major findings from the report, which samples data from January 22 through May 30.

Percentage of total cases vs. percentage of US population

Race and ethnicity data were available for about 600,000, or 45%, of cases studied, and specific underlying conditions were available for about 287,000, or 22%, of cases studied. But those partial numbers still highlight specific key trends within demographics.

A breakdown by race and ethnicity shows the disproportionate infection rates among Hispanics and Blacks, far beyond their share of the population. Included in the Other/multiple races category, American Indians and Alaska Natives were also disproportionately affected -- 1.3% of cases while making up only 0.7% of the US population.

Those with underlying conditions

Among the 287,320 patients for whom the status of underlying conditions was known, hospitalizations were six times higher among those who reported underlying conditions. A higher percentage of men with underlying conditions were hospitalized than women with underlying conditions.

For the same subset of 287,320 cases, deaths were 12 times higher, overall, among patients who reported underlying conditions. When broken down by gender, a greater percentage of male patients with underlying conditions died than did female patients with underlying conditions.

Data on the same subset of cases were also broken down by age group. Those with underlying conditions had hospitalization rates at least double the hospitalization rates of those without underlying conditions.

Shown here are the percentage of cases who were hospitalized, by age group:

Deaths were most commonly reported among persons aged 80 and older, regardless of the presence of underlying conditions. Across all age groups, those with underlying conditions were also more likely to die from the virus:

The most common reported underlying conditions among persons with laboratory-confirmed Covid-19 were cardiovascular disease, diabetes and chronic lung disease.

CNN's Andrea Kane and Paul LeBlanc contributed to this report.

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CDC data: Covid-19 hit Hispanics, Blacks and those with underlying conditions harder - CNN

A leading Canadian microbiologist is sounding an alarm about overuse of precious antibiotics among the world's more than 8.7million cases of COVID-19.

So many people have been seriously sickened by COVID-19 that they need to be cared for in hospital, such as with oxygen. Doctors commonly prescribe antibiotics for people with COVID-19 in hospital.

Eric Brown, a professor at the McMasterUniversity's Institute of Infectious Disease Research, has concerns about how COVID-19 could drive up antibiotic resistance in bacteria that aren't killed by standard drugs.

"The biggest concern is for those who have COVID-19 who maybe don't need an antibiotic," he said.

Canadian infectious disease physicians say guidelines suggest a limited role for antibiotics in COVID-19 cases. Once it's clear that the person has COVID and there's no bacterial infection, then the antibiotic treatments should be stopped to avoid encouraging another infection in the same patient.

Earlier this month, the director general of the World Health Organization, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, also expressed similar concerns.

"The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increased use of antibiotics, which ultimately will lead to higher bacterial resistance rates that will impact the burden of disease and deaths during the pandemic and beyond," he said.

Brown said the long-term ramifications of the increase are unknown. They could jeopardize use of antimicrobials to prevent infections after surgeries like hip replacements, C-sections and organ transplants if bacteria in patients are resistant to them, he said.

The solution has two parts, he said:Stewardshipthat is, only using antibiotics when neededand discovering new antibiotics.

Yet scientists have not discovered any truly new classes of antibiotics in more than 50 years.

The Canada Council for the Arts recently awarded Brown a prestigious Killam Fellowship worth $70,000 a year for two years, which will allow the scientist to devote himself full time to a laboratory research project studying superbugs.

Brown hopes to change that by finding new antibiotics forwhat he called the top three dreaded superbugs on WHO's list. All three are classified asGram-negative bacteria, which are characterized by having surfaces that are difficult for antibiotics to penetrate.

"There are a lot of clever approaches superbugs have to avoid antibiotics, and some of them are encoded by genes that are shared among pathogens," he said. "That's why antibiotic resistance can spread so widely."

A biochemist by training, Brown is looking for a needle in a haystack amonghalf a million chemicals that could crack the nut of the dreaded bacteria. Then, designer drugs could either kill the bacteria directly or slow them in their tracks.

"No one's really taken this approach," he said.

Brown is not daunted by how a new drug typically takes about 10 to 15 years from the discovery phase through clinical trials for safety and efficacy and on to the market.

His lab plans a series of experiments on screened compounds followed by chemical tinkering to improve potency of leading candidates for preclinical testing to decide whether an experimental drug, if found, should be tested in people.

Even then, challenges await.

"There isn't another therapeutic area in medicine where you would come up with what we call adesigner drug and everybody would say, 'OK, that's fantastic. Let's almost never use it,'" Brown said.

Normally, pharmaceutical companies want to sell as much of their product as possible. But that's not necessarily the best model for antibiotics.

Instead, physicians in North America want to conserve antibiotics of last resort for increasingly resistant infections.

As the pandemic unfolds, doctors are still generally overprescribing antibiotics in many parts of the world.

But in low- and middle-income countries in Asia, Africa and South America, much less is known about how many antibiotics are prescribed by family physicians and why.

To start filling the gap, Dr. Giorgia Sulis, an infectious disease physician and doctoral candidate in epidemiology at McGill University, reviewed 10,000 studies with her team.

They whittled that down to just 16 studies with enough prescription details to gain a glimpse into the overuse problem with antibiotics. Their findings were publishedin thejournal PLOS Medicinelast week.

Sulis and her co-authors said they found the proportion of primary care patients seeking care for any reason who were prescribed antibiotics often exceeded 50 per cent, compared with the WHO's recommendation of less than 30 per cent for such patients.

When critical antibiotics are held reserve in Canada, they're used with caution in hospitals only, Sulis said.

Brown, who was not involved in the review, said it's "terrifying" to think about the "suspiciously high number" of antibiotics that were flagged.

Both Brown and Sulis recognize another consideration: the infectious disease burden in other parts of the world is also much higher than in Canada.

The rest is here:

Why overuse of antibiotics in COVID-19 could have lasting impact in health care - CBC.ca

Americas top public health expert has warned the nation it is still in the first wave of coronavirus infections and deaths, as six states report record numbers of new cases amid continued rapid easing of lockdown restrictions.

Anthony Fauci, a member of the White House coronavirus taskforce, expressed worry about new hotspots for infections in major US states, while also advising that personally, I would not attend Donald Trumps first political rally in months, due on Saturday, in Oklahoma, where vast crowds are expected despite rising Covid-19 cases.

Arizona, Florida, Oklahoma, Oregon and Texas reported record increases in coronavirus cases on Tuesday, while Nevada recorded its highest ever number of single-day cases.

In recent days North Carolina, South Carolina and Alabama have reportedly set new highs in seven-day rolling average of Covid-19 cases, as many states have allowed some businesses and public spaces to reopen after months of restrictions.

As New York and other places are coming down, others are going up, Fauci, who is also the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, told the Boston Globe about different areas seeing decreases or increases in new cases.

Obviously, were concerned about it.

Despite Oklahomas alarming rise in coronavirus cases a record 591 new cases were reported on Monday, and cases in the state rose by 68% last week Donald Trump will hold a campaign rally in Tulsa, Oklahomas second-largest city, on Saturday his first since March, when the pandemic took hold in the US.

Fauci said he personally would choose not to attend such an event due to the risk of contracting coronavirus. And he warned that talk of whether the US was now experiencing a second wave of Covid-19 cases was premature.

We are seeing infections to a greater degree than they had previously seen in certain states, including states in the south-west and in the south, Fauci told the Daily Beast. I dont like to talk about a second wave right now, because we havent gotten out of our first wave.

Oklahoma health officials are urging anyone attending the rally to get tested before arriving, and then to self-isolate afterwards and get tested again. People over 65 have been told to stay at home. The Trump election campaign will recommend the indoor audience wear masks, but is not going to mandate it.

The Oklahoma governor, Kevin Stitt, a Republican, said officials would try to make sure the event was as safe as possible. Ultimately, the president doesnt ask for permission before he goes to places, said Stitt on Wednesday.

The mayor of Tulsa, GT Bynum, also a Republican, said he would not attend the rally.

Vice-President Mike Pence has claimed the US has slowed the spread, and both Pence and the president have claimed the worrying increase in coronavirus cases is due to more testing.

Fauci said this was not true.

When you look at the number of hospitalizations, and you see some of the states say, Oh my goodness, Im having more hospitalizations than I had before, that cannot be due to increase in testing. That has to be due to increase in real cases, he told the Globe.

Hospitalizations are continuing to rise in the states reporting infection increases.

At Tucson medical center in Arizona on Monday, only one intensive care unit bed out of 20 was available.

ICU to be expanded, hopefully, in coming days, Dr Steven Oscherwitz, an infectious disease expert at the hospital, said in a tweet on Monday night. Not sure where people needing ICU care will be able to go, since most AZ [Arizona] hospitals are pretty full now.

Better contact your governor (quickly!)

In Florida, 260 workers at the Orlando international airport tested positive for coronavirus, the Florida governor, Ron DeSantis, said. DeSantis said almost 500 workers had been tested at the airport after two people contracted the virus.

In New York City, Mayor Bill de Blasio said he would monitor the impact of the mass anti-racism protests the city has seen before allowing more businesses to reopen.

Were all mindful we had a very unique situation with the protests, De Blasio said on Wednesday, according to NBC News.

In Oklahoma Trump supporters have been camping outside the rally venue for days, despite the risks.

Tulsa residents and business owners were thwarted in their attempt to block the rally, which will take place at the indoor, 19,000-capacity BOK Center, on Tuesday. Residents had filed a lawsuit in an effort to have the rally cancelled, to protect against a substantial, imminent, and deadly risk to the community, but a judge refused the request.

On Monday Trump who has previously lied about the number of people at his rallies and events said almost 1 million people had requested tickets for the event.

Fauci has warned people against attending the rally, which had originally been planned for Friday, a date which marks the end of slavery in the US, before the Trump campaign switched the date amid widespread criticism.

Asked if he would personally attend the campaign rally, Fauci said: No.

Im in a high-risk category. Personally, I would not. Of course not, he said. With regard to Trumps rallies, Fauci said outside is better than inside, no crowd is better than crowd and crowd is better than big crowd.

Tulsas chief public health officer, Bruce Dart, and the Tulsa World newspaper have urged Trump to cancel the rally.

Originally posted here:

Fauci says US 'still in the first wave' as six states see record Covid-19 cases - The Guardian

More than 150,000 new cases of the disease were reported on Thursday: the highest single daily total so far.

Most were in the Americas, though large numbers came from South Asia and the Middle East.

The world is in a new and dangerous phase. Many people are understandably fed up with being at home. Countries are understandably eager to open up their societies and economies, WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus told journalists.

But the virus is still spreading fast, its still deadly, and most people are still susceptible.

Globally, there were nearly 3.4 million cases of COVID-19 as of Friday, including more than 450,000 deaths.

Tedros repeated his call for countries and people to remain vigilant against the disease, and to continue efforts focused on containing the disease, including though testing and contact tracing.

WHOs support and technical guidance has been invaluable in guarding against widespread COVID-19 infections in refugee camps, the UN High Commissioner has said.

Filippo Grandi was a guest at the briefing, held on the eve of World Refugee Day, marked on Saturday.

He revealed that humanitarians initially feared there would be catastrophic outbreaks in camps, where it is difficult to practice physical distancing, among other factors.

So far this has not occurred, he said, although cases of COVID-19 and small outbreaks have been reported.

I think this is also due to the fact that in many of these situations, we had time to prepare, and there is where our cooperation with WHO has been invaluable, he said.

Because it is WHOthat has provided us, throughout these difficult months, with leadership and technical guidance without which we would not have been able to achieve whatever we have been able to achieve.

Globally, nearly 80 million people have fled their homes due to conflict or persecution, according to the latest report by the UN refugee agency, UNHCR, which Mr. Grandi heads.

He told journalists that most refugees actually live in host communities, not camps, some of which have been devastated by the pandemic.

Im thinking of Latin America, where 17, 18 countries host more than four million Venezuelans on the move, he said.

Im thinking of many urban centres in Africa that are host to large refugee populations. Im thinking of Afghans in Pakistan and Iraq, that live - share facilities and accommodation - with communities that have been impacted very severely by COVID.

Continued here:

COVID-19: UN health agency warns of 'new and dangerous phase' as cases mount - UN News