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The Mysterious Risk of Arterial Thrombosis With COVID-19: A Case Series of Acute Limb Ischaemia in Vaccinated ... - Cureus

The risk of cardiac and clot-related complications following COVID-19 is substantially reduced in people who receive the COVID-19 vaccination compared with unvaccinated individuals, reports an observational study published online in the journalHeart.

COVID-19 vaccines proved to be highly effective in reducing the severity of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19-related hospital admission and death.

And while some COVID-19 vaccines were associated with increased risk of rare but serious complications, such as blood clots and heart inflammation (myocarditis), the risk of these complications was substantially higher after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Some studies have suggested that vaccination could protect against these complications of COVID-19, but most did not include long-term complications and were focused on specific populations.

To address this, researchers set out to study the association between COVID-19 vaccination and the risk of post-COVID-19 cardiac and thromboembolic complications using population data for the UK, Spain and Estonia which included 10.17 million vaccinated people and 10.39 million unvaccinated people.

Individuals who were vaccinated received either an adenovirus-based vaccine (Oxford/AstraZeneca or Janssen) or one of the mRNA vaccines (BioNTech/Pfizer or Moderna).

The researchers identified cases of cardiac and thromboembolic complications in the first year after SARS-CoV-2 infection and recorded them according to four post-infection time windows: 0-30, 31-90, 91-180 and 181-365 days after infection.

A range of potentially influential factors, such as age, sex and pre-existing conditions including chronic lung disease, diabetes, heart disease and a history of blood clots were accounted for in the analysis to minimise bias.

The results show that COVID-19 vaccination was associated with reduced risks of heart failure, venous thromboembolism (clot within the veins of a limb) and arterial thrombosis/thromboembolism (blood clot in the artery) for up to a year after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Reduced risk of other complications, such as ventricular arrhythmia/cardiac arrest (heart attack), myocarditis/pericarditis were also seen but only in the acute phase (first 30 days after infection).

Compared with unvaccinated individuals, having COVID-19 vaccination was associated with reduced risks of venous thromboembolism by 78%, arterial thrombosis/thromboembolism by 47% and heart failure by 55% in the first 30 days after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

As time progressed, the protective effects of vaccination waned, but remained at 47%, 28%, and 39% respectively at 91-180 days after infection and 50%, 38%, and 48% respectively at 181-365 days.

This is an observational study, so can't establish cause and effect, and the authors highlight some limitations including the inherent data quality concerns and risk of bias with use of real-world data, and potential under-reporting of post-COVID-19 complications.

However, state-of-the-art statistical methods were used to deal with these limitations and results were consistent across all databases, which they say highlights the robustness and replicability of the findings.

As such, they conclude, "Our analyses showed a substantial reduction of risk (42-82%) for thromboembolic and cardiac events in the acute phase of COVID-19 associated with vaccination."

They add, "Reduced risk in vaccinated people lasted for up to 1 year for post-COVID-19 venous thromboembolism, arterial thrombosis/thromboembolism and heart failure, but not clearly for other complications."

The authors suggest that the protective effects of vaccination are "consistent with known reductions in disease severity following breakthrough versus unvaccinated SARS-CoV-2 infection" and say further research is needed on the possible waning of the effect over time andon the impact of booster vaccination.

Source:

Journal reference:

Mercad-Besora, N., et al. (2024). The role of COVID-19 vaccines in preventing post-COVID-19 thromboembolic and cardiovascular complications.Heart. doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2023-323483.

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COVID-19 vaccine associated with reduced risk of cardiac and clot-related complications after SARS-CoV-2 infection - News-Medical.Net

A UT professor was awarded for his research that led to the development of the COVID-19 and RSV vaccines on Wednesday.

Research!America, a non-profit advocating for medical and health research, awarded Jason McLellan, a professor in the Department of Molecular Biosciences, with the Building the Foundation Award with the support of Johnson & Johnson. The award celebrates individuals who have made significant contributions to the understanding of public health.

McLellans lab specializes in structure-based vaccine design. The lab visualizes how proteins on viral and bacterial pathogens work, which then helps them create complementary vaccines, McLellan said.

(My lab) determines very high resolution, three-dimensional structures of what the viruses or parts of the virus or proteins or bacteria look like (and function), McLellan said. We call this structure-based vaccine design: using structures as the basis for protein engineering to try to create the most efficacious vaccines possible.

At the beginning of 2020, McLellan said students and staff in his lab worked around the clock to isolate the antibodies of COVID-19 to develop a vaccine. McLellan and his team determined the structure of the shape-shifting spike protein found on the surface of SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19.

These spike proteins theyre shape-shifters they start off in one state and then flip to another one in order for the virus to fuse with the cell and enter, McLellan said. We want to try to stabilize the protein in the initial form.

McLellan said his lab engineered two substitutions to stabilize the COVID-19 spike protein for the vaccine. These substitutions can be found in all the COVID-19 vaccines authorized for use in the United States.

Before his work on the COVID-19 vaccine, as a postdoctoral fellow, McLellan said he helped create a vaccine antigen for respiratory syncytial virus, or RSV. Last year, the vaccine became the first FDA-approved vaccine for RSV.

It was really exciting to have the first vaccines for RSV in the elderly population, McLellan said. Now we have RSV and COVID vaccines that both use structure-based vaccine design.

McLellan said he looks forward to greater use of structure-based vaccine design, especially with the introduction of new technologies like AI.

(Were) trying to create this toolbox, especially with new artificial intelligence and machine learning tools that were working with, (I hope) every vaccine campaign will have some aspect of structure-based vaccine design that can draw on work that weve done or work performed by my colleagues, McLellan said.

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UT professor honored with public health award for contributions to COVID-19, RSV vaccines - The Daily Texan

People stand in a queue at a hospital to receive the COVID-19 vaccine in Kolkata

Resisting pressure to download those tedious dating apps might be your first line of defence for heart protection. Getting vaccinated against COVID-19 seems to be a good second.

A recent international study analysing vaccine effects on millions of patients in the UK, Spain, and Estonia suggests that vaccination could promote heart health, and significantly deter of problems such as heart attacks and strokes.

Within the initial month post-infection, researchers observed a remarkable 78% decrease in limbic vein clotting and a 47% drop in arterial clotting among vaccinated individuals. This reduction in complications led to more than a 50% decrease in heart failure risk compared to non-vaccinated individuals.

Simply having blood in your body isn't enough for survival; it needs to flow efficiently through blood vessels, delivering oxygen and nutrients. However, conditions like diabetes and obesity can cause abnormal blood clotting, hindering efficient blood flow and straining the heart.

Studies have shown that COVID-19 can induce unusual blood clotting in various body parts, such as the lungs and the legs, potentially leading to organ failure, heart attacks, and strokes. Fortunately, vaccination significantly mitigates these risks.

Vaccination not only reduces the risk of heart failure and stroke but also lowers the chances of other heart-related conditions like heart attacks and abnormal heartbeats within the first 30 days post-infection. Despite a slight decline in efficacy over time, the vaccine still offers substantial protection, cutting the risk of heart failure by nearly 50% up to a year post-vaccination.

Concerns about long-term vaccine side effects have fueled vaccine sceptics. While rare instances of vaccine-related heart issues exist, studies suggest that vaccination can significant reduce risk of long COVID risk, and therefore these benefits may outweigh any potential detriments.

The positive heart-related findings from this study aim to reassure vaccine sceptics, emphasising the vaccine's effectiveness in reducing infection and severe COVID-19 cases. However, the researchers explained that further research is needed to understand booster dose efficacy across different populations.

Study author Nria Mercad-Besora notes, "Our findings likely reflect the vaccines' effectiveness in reducing infection and minimizing the risk of severe COVID-19. These results could encourage COVID-19 vaccination among hesitant individuals concerned about potential side effects."

The study's findings have been published in Heart and can be accessed here.

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COVID-19 Vaccine Can Halve Risk of Post-Infection Heart Failure, Other Fatal Diseases | Weather.com - The Weather Channel

5 hours ago

Bolsonaro remains the most influential figurehead for the right in Brazilian politics

Brazilian police have formally accused former President Jair Bolsonaro of fraud relating to his Covid vaccination records, paving the way for possible criminal charges in the Supreme Court.

His health records say he received the vaccine in Sao Paulo in 2021.

But an investigation later found he was not in the city at the time.

Mr Bolsonaro, a Covid sceptic who publicly vowed never to have the vaccine, has denied any knowledge of records being tampered with.

Almost 700,000 people have died of Covid-19 in Brazil, according to Johns Hopkins University in the US.

The federal police accuse Mr Bolsonaro - who regularly downplayed the severity of the virus - and eight other people of plotting to issue "false certificates to obtain undue advantages" during the pandemic.

Vaccination was an entry requirement for many countries, including the US.

Brazil's attorney general's office will now decide whether to charge the former president.

The 68-year-old was questioned by police in connection with the allegations in May last year and his house was raided.

He denied the accusations and accused authorities of trying to "fabricate a case" against him.

The new indictment is just the latest legal battle he is facing as the former president had to surrender his passport last month over an investigation into accusations he tried to overturn the October 2022 election results and pressure military chiefs to join a coup attempt.

After he lost to left-winger Luiz Ignacio Lula da Silva in the presidential poll thousands of his supporters stormed government buildings in the capital Braslia - including the presidential palace, the Supreme Court and Congress - looting and vandalising the buildings.

He was in the US when the attack on Congress happened. He returned to Brazil in March 2023, saying he had nothing to fear.

He remains the most influential figurehead for the right in Brazilian politics.

Originally posted here:

Brazil: Police accuse Bolsonaro of fraud over Covid vaccine records - BBC

Brazil's federal police have indicted the country's former president Jair Bolsonaro for suspected fraud on his COVID-19 vaccination data.

Police will allege Mr Bolsonaro inserted false information into the public health database to make it appear as though the then-president had received the COVID-19 vaccine.

They will allege Mr Bolsonaro also forged the vaccination data of his 12-year-old daughter and several others in his circle.

Police say Mr Bolsonaro tampered with the health ministry's database shortly before he travelled to the US in December 2022, two months after he lost his re-election bid to Luiz Incio Lula da Silva.

He needed a certificate of vaccination to enter the US, where he remained for the final days of his term.

During the pandemic, Mr Bolsonaro was one of the few world leaders railing against the vaccine, openly flouting health restrictions and encouraging society to follow his example.

His administration ignored several emails from pharmaceutical company Pfizer offering to sell Brazil tens of millions of shots in 2020.

Mr Bolsonaro also openly criticised a move by former Sao Paulo governor Joo Doria to buy vaccines from Chinese company Sinovac when no jabs were otherwise available.

During the pandemic, 700,000 Brazilians died of Covid-19, according to Reuters.

Brazil's prosecutor-general's office will have the final say on whether to use the police indictment to file charges against Mr Bolsonaro at the Supreme Court.

An investigation by the country's comptroller general's office had already shown that Mr Bolsonaro's vaccination records were falsified.

When contacted by Reuters, the former president reiterated he had not taken the COVID-19 vaccine and said he was calm.

"It's a selective investigation. I'm calm, I don't owe anything," Mr Bolsonaro said.

"The world knows that I didn't take the vaccine."

It is oneof several investigations targeting Bolsonaro, who governed between 2019 and 2022.

If convicted for falsifying health data, the 68-year-old politician could spend up to 12 years behind bars, or as little as two years, according to legal analyst Zilan Costa.

Brazil's top electoral court has already ruled Mr Bolsonaro ineligible until 2030, on the grounds that he abused his power during the 2022 campaign and cast unfounded doubts on the country's electronic voting system.

Other investigations against Mr Bolsonaro include one seeking to determine whether he tried to sneak two sets of expensive diamond jewellery into Brazil and prevent them from being incorporated into the presidency's public collection.

Another relates to his alleged involvement in the January 8, 2023 uprising in capital Brasilia, soon after Mr Lula took power.

The uprising closely resembled the Capitol riot in Washington in 2021.

He has denied wrongdoing in both cases.

AP/Reuters

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Brazil's former president Jair Bolsonaro indicted over alleged COVID-19 vaccination fraud - ABC News

The federal police of Brazil on Tuesday indicted former president Jair Bolsonaro in a case related to falsifying his own COVID-19 vaccination records to benefit the far-right leader and his close family members, newswire AP reported.

The Brazilian Supreme Court today released the federal police's indictment that alleges the former president and 16 others in his close circle provided false information into the public health database to make it appear as if they had received the COVID-19 vaccine during the pandemic.

The indictment comes one year after the federal police searched Bolsonaros residence to investigate if the former president and his close circle provided false data into the health ministrys database as proof of vaccination ahead of international trips.

It is important to note that the former Brazilian president was among the few world leaders who openly criticized the COVID-19 vaccines during the pandemic, breached health restrictions and encouraged society to follow his example.

The then Bolsonaro administration not only ignored emails sent by leading pharmaceutical firms like Pfizer offering to sell tens of millions of COVID-19 vaccines to Braslia in 2020, but also openly criticized Joao Doria, then governor of Sao Paulo state, for buying shots from Chinese company Sinovac when it was no available.

The report said that now the ball is in the court of the attorney general of Brazil, who will have to decide whether to file a complaint based on police indictment or close the case. A complaint, if filed, would be judged by the Supreme Court, which could eventually convict Bolsonaro

The former president denied any wrongdoing during questioning in May 2023.

The federal police have accused the former president and his aides of tampering with the health ministrys database shortly before the US visit in December 2022. Bolsonaro needed a certificate of vaccination to enter the US, where he remained for the final days of his term and the first months of Lulas term.

If convicted for falsifying health data, the 68-year-old former president could spend up to 12 years behind bars, and as little as two years, according to legal analyst Zilan Costa.

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Brazil news: Ex-President Jair Bolsonaro indicted for giving false Covid-19 vaccination data | Mint - Mint

Measles is a highly contagious viral illness, but the good news is that it can be prevented with a safe and effective vaccine. Talk to your doctor today and keep you and your kids protected from measles. Learn more: https://www.cdc.gov/measles/vaccination

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The Difference Between a Vaccine Expiration Date and Beyond-Use Date or Time - Longview News-Journal

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Up Close with Bill Ritter: COVID-19 lockdown 4th anniversary and the lessons learned - WABC-TV

The following is a summary of Questionnaire-based study of COVID-19 vaccination induced headache: evidence of clusters of adverse events, published in the March 2024 issue of Neurology by Zhou et al.

Headaches are frequent after Pfizers COVID-19 vaccine, ranking #3 in reported side effects. This study explores their link to other issues after vaccination.

Researchers started a retrospective study investigating the potential association between headaches, COVID-19 vaccination, and other adverse events.

They undertook a study based on a questionnaire survey involving 1,402 healthcare workers. The study centered around 5 questions, incorporating 12 AEs and headaches reported after the initial and subsequent COVID-19 vaccinations. Participants rated severity using a scale of Not at all (N), Little (L), Average (A), Quite (Q), and Very (V). The Bowker test was utilized to compare headache severity between vaccinations on a 5-point Likert scale. Ordinal logistic regression was employed to examine the association between headache severity (dependent variable) and the ratings of the 12 AEs (independent variable). Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to assess the predictive value of AE ratings for headache severity.

The results showed that participants reported increased severity of headaches following the second vaccination. Headache symptoms were associated with fatigue, flu-like symptoms, pain at the injection site, a known tension-type headache, fever, dizziness/balance problems, and a known migraine.

Investigators concluded that clusters of headache-associated adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination, suggesting potential shared mechanisms underlying these co-occurring effects.

Source: bmcneurol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12883-024-03583-6

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COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Headache: Clusters and Adverse Events Study - Physician's Weekly